SPINNING GEOMETRY:
· From Roving bobbin to cop, the fibre strand
passes through drafting arrangement, thread guide, balloon control rings and
traveller. These parts are arranged at various angles and distances relative to
each other.
The distances and angles together are referred to as the spinning geometry,has a significant influence on the spinning opeartion and the resulting yarn. They are
The distances and angles together are referred to as the spinning geometry,has a significant influence on the spinning opeartion and the resulting yarn. They are
- yarn tension
- number of end breaks
- yarn irregularity
- binding-in of the fibres
- yarn hairiness
- generation of fly etc.
· Spinning Triangle:
Twist in a yarn is generated at the traveller and travel against the direction of yarn movement to the front roller. Twist must run back as close as possible to the nip of the rollers, but it never penetrates completely to the nip because, after leaving the rollers, the fibres first have to be diverted inwards and wrapped around each other. There is always a triangular bundle of fibres without twist at the exit of the rollers, this is called as SPINNING TRIANGLE. Most of the end breaks originate at this point. The length of the spinning triangle depends upon the spinning geometry and upon the twist level in the yarn.
Twist in a yarn is generated at the traveller and travel against the direction of yarn movement to the front roller. Twist must run back as close as possible to the nip of the rollers, but it never penetrates completely to the nip because, after leaving the rollers, the fibres first have to be diverted inwards and wrapped around each other. There is always a triangular bundle of fibres without twist at the exit of the rollers, this is called as SPINNING TRIANGLE. Most of the end breaks originate at this point. The length of the spinning triangle depends upon the spinning geometry and upon the twist level in the yarn.
· The top roller is always shifted 3 to 6 mm
forward compared to bottom roller. This is called top roller
·
overhang.This gives smoother running and smaller spinning triangle. The overhang must not be made too large, as the distance from the opening of the aprons to the roller nip line becomes too long resulting in poorer fibre control and increased yarn irregularity.
· overhang.This gives smoother running and smaller spinning triangle. The overhang must not be made too large, as the distance from the opening of the aprons to the roller nip line becomes too long resulting in poorer fibre control and increased yarn irregularity.
· Continuous variation of the operating
conditions arises during winding of a cop.The result is that the tensile force
exerted on yarn must be much higher during winding on the bare tube than during
winding on the full cop, because of the difference in the angle of attack of
the yarn on the traveller. When the ring rail is at the upper end of its
stroke, in spinning onto the tube, the yarn tension is substantially higher
than when the ring rail is at its lowermost position. This can be observed
easily in the balloon on any ring spinning machine.
· · The tube and
ring diameters must have a minimum ratio, between approx. 1:2 and 1:2.2, in
order to ensure that the yarn tension oscillations do not become too great.
· · Yarn tension
in the balloon is the tension which finally penetrates almost to the spinning
triangle and which is responsible for the greater part of the thread breaks. It
is reduced to a very small degree by the deviation of the yarn at the thread
guide. An equilibrium of forces must be obtained between the yarntension and balloon tension.