The following operations associated with the ring spinning machine can be considered for automation.
End break aspirators removes fibers delivered by the drafting arrangements after an end break and thus prevents a series of end breaks on neighboring spindles. At another level, it enables better environmental control, since large part of the return air — flow of the air conditioning system is led past he drafting arrangement, especially the region of the spinning triangle. Today, 50% of the air conditioning plant via the end break aspirators.
Piecing devices
Fitting each spinning position with its own piecing device would be too expensive. Travelling piecing carriages are provided on rails fitted to the machine. The piecing carriages has to perform mechanically the same rather complicated operations as the operative performs manually.
The complete process is carried out as follows: During patrolling movement along the ring spinning machine, each individual position for an end down. If a yarn is present, the patrol is continued and the next position is checked. If a broken end is detected, the device stops in front of the spindle, swings out a frame carrying the operating elements and centers it further operating unit is lowered onto the ring rail and follows its movements during the subsequent operations.
The broken end is blown from the cop upwards into the trumpet – shaded opening of a suction tube; prior to this step, the broken end may be located anywhere on the wound circumference of the cop. A hook grasps the yarn between the top of the tube and the thread guide, in the same way as the operative’s hand in manual piecing. This hook lays the yarn on the ring, and the piecing arm joints the yarn to the fiber strand at the front rollers of the drafting arrangements. The superfluous yarn section is severed and sucked away. The success of the operating is monitored by a photocell. If necessary, the joining operation is repeated once or twice.
If a thread breaks on the ring frame, the fiber strand continues to run from the drafting arrangement, usually into the aspirator. The strand licks around a roller and forms a lap. This can damage top rollers and aprons, deform bottom rollers, and cause ends down on neighboring spindles. Removal of a lap is complicated and troublesome. It would therefore be desirable to interrupt the flow of fibers from the time an end break occurs until piecing is carried out. The roving must be automatically threaded into the drafting arrangements. Roving stop motions can be provided as part of a travelling device or as assemblies at each individual spinning positions.
![clip_image100[3]](http://compactspinning.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/clip_image1003.gif "clip_image100[3]")
The complete process is describes as follows:
The optical monitor checks the running yarn. In the event of an end break, the optical unit (1) and the electronic unit (2) cause the wedge (3) to interrupt roving feed. The feed table, and possibly twist spin pins (4), hold the roving securely in the break draft field.
After the broken end has been made ready, wedge (3) is retracted manually by means of the roving blocking device (5). Roving is delivered again and piecing can be carried out.
Travelling cleaners
On the ring frame, most fly and dust (up to 85%) is released in spinning triangle and the main drafting field. The remainder is set free mainly at the balloon and traveller.
Cleaning devices can be typed as follows:
· Stirrers,
· Blowing down devices,
· Suction devices,
· Combined blowing and suction devices.
Stirrers
There are simple fans with short blowing nozzles, driven by a small electric motor and running on power supply rails above the machines.
![clip_image102[4]](http://compactspinning.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/clip_image1024.jpg "clip_image102[4]")
![clip_image104[4]](http://compactspinning.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/clip_image1044.gif "clip_image104[4]")
The device also has several hoses which hang down the ground. One or two of these hoses per side work as blowers and the other sucks up material which has been blown down onto the floor.
Where suction devices are in use, a filter and a filter cleaning device also required.
- intermediate transport,
- direct link.
Intermediate transport
In this system, an automatic transport installation is provided between the ring spinning room and he winding room. At the ring spinning machine, the transport device takes up cop boxes coded according to their contents and brings them to a distribution station controlled by microprocessors. This station directs the boxes to their intended destination. The empty tubes are deposited in other boxes and returned via a second conveyor system to the ring spinning room.
Intermediate transport systems are very flexible; they enable operation will small lots, they are rapidly adaptable.
They can be rather complex, costly and liable to faults, also the conveyor equipment can form obstacles.
![clip_image106[3]](http://compactspinning.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/clip_image1063.gif "clip_image106[3]")
Direct link
Two machines, ring spinning frame and winder, can be linked to form a production unit. In an installation of this type the cops doffed at the ring frame are passed via the shortest path to the winding machine. Transfer speed is slow, corresponding to the operating speed of the winding units. Empty tubes are returned to the loading station of the autodoffer at the ring spinning machine. Directly linked systems are therefore optimal when they can be applied as far as possible to production of only one yarn count.
- Transport of roving bobbins to the ring frame: This would be a very useful step. Installations enabling this are becoming available.
- Exchange of roving bobbins in the creel of the ring spinning machine: This would also be useful step but raises difficult problems; the first installations for the purpose are also now becoming available.
- Threading rovings and piecing roving breaks: It is difficult to design appropriate automatic devices and the operation itself does not arise very frequently. Benefits would be inadequate in relation to costs.
- Take up and removal of waste: This has been put into practice already in thread break aspirators.
- Piecing end breaks: This is desirable but involves complex solutions which still can not bring 100% piecing success. At present the cost/benefit ratio is often unfavorable.
- Stopping roving feed when an end breaks: The devices currently available tend to be complex.
- Doffing: Doffing has been solved satisfactorily and is already normal practice.
- Cleaning: Cleaning has been largely solved by use of traveling cleaners.
- Although quality of performance is not fully satisfactory.
- Repair and maintenance: Effort involved has been reduced in comparison with the past but much still has to be performed manually.
- Transport of cops to the winder: It represents the next major step in automating the ring frame.
- Machine monitoring.
- Production monitoring
- Quality monitoring: This probably can not be achieved directly because of the large number of individual producing units. Recently clearing systems solve this problem while the spinning processes continuous.
- End break aspirators,
- piecing devices
- cleaning devices,
- roving stop devices,
- travelling cleaner,
- monitoring,
- automatic cop transport.
End break aspirators removes fibers delivered by the drafting arrangements after an end break and thus prevents a series of end breaks on neighboring spindles. At another level, it enables better environmental control, since large part of the return air — flow of the air conditioning system is led past he drafting arrangement, especially the region of the spinning triangle. Today, 50% of the air conditioning plant via the end break aspirators.
Piecing devices
Fitting each spinning position with its own piecing device would be too expensive. Travelling piecing carriages are provided on rails fitted to the machine. The piecing carriages has to perform mechanically the same rather complicated operations as the operative performs manually.
The complete process is carried out as follows: During patrolling movement along the ring spinning machine, each individual position for an end down. If a yarn is present, the patrol is continued and the next position is checked. If a broken end is detected, the device stops in front of the spindle, swings out a frame carrying the operating elements and centers it further operating unit is lowered onto the ring rail and follows its movements during the subsequent operations.
The broken end is blown from the cop upwards into the trumpet – shaded opening of a suction tube; prior to this step, the broken end may be located anywhere on the wound circumference of the cop. A hook grasps the yarn between the top of the tube and the thread guide, in the same way as the operative’s hand in manual piecing. This hook lays the yarn on the ring, and the piecing arm joints the yarn to the fiber strand at the front rollers of the drafting arrangements. The superfluous yarn section is severed and sucked away. The success of the operating is monitored by a photocell. If necessary, the joining operation is repeated once or twice.
If a thread breaks on the ring frame, the fiber strand continues to run from the drafting arrangement, usually into the aspirator. The strand licks around a roller and forms a lap. This can damage top rollers and aprons, deform bottom rollers, and cause ends down on neighboring spindles. Removal of a lap is complicated and troublesome. It would therefore be desirable to interrupt the flow of fibers from the time an end break occurs until piecing is carried out. The roving must be automatically threaded into the drafting arrangements. Roving stop motions can be provided as part of a travelling device or as assemblies at each individual spinning positions.
The complete process is describes as follows:
The optical monitor checks the running yarn. In the event of an end break, the optical unit (1) and the electronic unit (2) cause the wedge (3) to interrupt roving feed. The feed table, and possibly twist spin pins (4), hold the roving securely in the break draft field.
After the broken end has been made ready, wedge (3) is retracted manually by means of the roving blocking device (5). Roving is delivered again and piecing can be carried out.
Travelling cleaners
On the ring frame, most fly and dust (up to 85%) is released in spinning triangle and the main drafting field. The remainder is set free mainly at the balloon and traveller.
Cleaning devices can be typed as follows:
· Stirrers,
· Blowing down devices,
· Suction devices,
· Combined blowing and suction devices.
Stirrers
There are simple fans with short blowing nozzles, driven by a small electric motor and running on power supply rails above the machines.
Blowing / suction devices
The most widely used form of device today works in the same way as the stirrer, although with much greater power input.The device also has several hoses which hang down the ground. One or two of these hoses per side work as blowers and the other sucks up material which has been blown down onto the floor.
Where suction devices are in use, a filter and a filter cleaning device also required.
Automatic Cop Transport
Batches of material should flow along the shortest possible paths in time with the rhythm of production and from one production position always to the corresponding next position in the line. This description can hardly be applied to a spinning mill. Current mill production has three serious disadvantages:- High expenditure on transport,
- Long material through flow times,
- Intermediate storage of a great deal of material.
- intermediate transport,
- direct link.
Intermediate transport
In this system, an automatic transport installation is provided between the ring spinning room and he winding room. At the ring spinning machine, the transport device takes up cop boxes coded according to their contents and brings them to a distribution station controlled by microprocessors. This station directs the boxes to their intended destination. The empty tubes are deposited in other boxes and returned via a second conveyor system to the ring spinning room.
Intermediate transport systems are very flexible; they enable operation will small lots, they are rapidly adaptable.
They can be rather complex, costly and liable to faults, also the conveyor equipment can form obstacles.
Direct link
Two machines, ring spinning frame and winder, can be linked to form a production unit. In an installation of this type the cops doffed at the ring frame are passed via the shortest path to the winding machine. Transfer speed is slow, corresponding to the operating speed of the winding units. Empty tubes are returned to the loading station of the autodoffer at the ring spinning machine. Directly linked systems are therefore optimal when they can be applied as far as possible to production of only one yarn count.